Habenaria kilimanjari Rchb.f.

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Photo: Féfé Pellacani
Chobe Enclave,northern Botswana

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Synonyms:	Habenaria lutaria Schltr. Habenaria martialis Rchb. f. Habenaria theodorii Kraenzl. Habenaria uhligii Kraenzl.
Common names:
Frequency:	Rare.
Status:	Native
Description:	Terrestrial herb, up to 90 cm tall, growing from ovoid or ellipsoid tubers 1-2.5 cm long. Leaves 7-13 along the stem, lowermost sheathing, middle ones spreading, linear-lanceolate, largest 6.5-21 cm long. Inflorescence laxly to fairly densely several- to many-flowered, 4-37 cm long. Flowers white with the spur green towards the apex. Dorsal sepal and lateral sepals reflexed. Petals 2-lobed almost to the base, lobes oblanceolate, sometimes toothed in the upper half. Lip 3-lobed almost to the base; mid-lobe 5-9 mm long; side lobes 3-5 mm long, all linear. Spur pendent, 13-18 mm long, slender, swollen at the apex.
Notes:	Only recently recorded in Namibia (Caprivi) for the first time (Bytebier & Mannheimer, 2016).
Derivation of specific name:	kilimanjari: of Mt Kilimanjaro,where the type specimen was found.
Habitat:	In damp grassland or marshland, in sandy soil.
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution:	Angola, DRC, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Botswana and Caprivi-Namibia.
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Content last updated:	Tuesday 14 March 2017
Literature:	Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 326. Bytebier, B. & Manneimer, C. (2016). Habenaria kilimanjari newly recorded for Namibia. Bothalia 46(1) Pages 1 - 2. online http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v46i1.2107 (Includes a picture). La Croix, I. & Cribb, P.J. (1995). Orchidaceae (Part 1) Flora Zambesiaca 11(1) Page 98. La Croix, I. et al. (1991). Orchids of Malawi A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam Page 72. Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 121. Schelpe, E.A.C.L.E. (1976). A Provisional Checklist of the Orchidaceae of Mozambique South African Journal of Botany 42(4) Page 390. Stewart, J. & Campbell, B. (1996). Orchids of Kenya Timber Press Inc, Portland Oregon, USA ISBN0-88192-357-5 Page 136. Summerhayes, V.S. (1962). African orchids XXVIII Kew Bulletin 16(2) Page 284. Williamson, G. (1977). The Orchids of South Central Africa J.M. Dent & Sons Ltd., London. Pages 49 - 51. (Includes a picture).

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Flora of Botswana: Habenaria kilimanjari
Flora of Malawi: Habenaria kilimanjari
Flora of Mozambique: Habenaria kilimanjari
Flora of Zambia: Habenaria kilimanjari

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Habenaria kilimanjari
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Habenaria kilimanjari
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Habenaria kilimanjari
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Habenaria kilimanjari
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iNaturalist: Habenaria kilimanjari
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Habenaria kilimanjari
JSTOR Plant Science: Habenaria kilimanjari
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Habenaria kilimanjari
Plants of the World Online: Habenaria kilimanjari
Tropicos: Habenaria kilimanjari
Wikipedia: Habenaria kilimanjari